Building-block.



No. 862,887. PATENTED AUG. 13, 1907. J. H. DENMEAD.

BUILDING BLOGK.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 14. 1805.

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THE NQRRIS PE ERS CO. WASHINGTON, D. C.

, PATENTED AUG. 13, .1907.

J. H. DENMEAD. BUILDING BLOCK.

APPLIUATION'HLED DB0. 14. 1905.

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JAMES H. DENMEAD, OF WESTPOINT, VIRGINIA.

BUILDING-BLOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 13, 1907.

Application filed December 14,1905. Serial No, 291,741

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that JAMES H. DENMEAD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Westpoint, in the county of King William and State of Virginia, has invented new and useful Improvements in Building-Blocks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to building blocks, and has for its object to provide certain new and useful improvements in artificial blocks which are so constructed as to produce dead air spaces when assembled in a wall, and also for an interlocking engagement to prevent sidewise separation thereof.

With these and other objects in view, the present invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes in the form, proportion, size and minor details may be made, within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a wall constructed of building blocks of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line A-A of Fig. 5. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line B-B of Fig. 5. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the-line C-C of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view taken on the line of Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view taken on the line y-y of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a plan view of a Wall portion and a division wall. Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are detail perspective views of different forms of blocks. Fig. 11 is a plan view of a modified form of block.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in each of the figures of the drawings.

The present invention is embodied in mating members which have been shown in detail in Figs. 8, 9 and l0. The male member includes an angular body 1 of suitable proportions, which is provided midway of its ends, and upon what is its inner face when assembled in a wall, with a transverse rib 2 extending from edge to edge of the block and provided in its opposite edges with longitudinal grooves 3 opening through opposite ends of the rib. Spaced slightly inward from each end of the block and upon its inner face is a terminal rib 4 extending from edge to edge of the block and about half as wide as the intermediate rib. The grooved edges of the rib 2 are substantially parallel, while the outer edge of the rib 4 is inclined so as to give the rib the shape of a wedge. The outer face of the rib 4 is provided with a longitudinal groove 5 intersecting opposite ends of the rib. Upon the longitudinal edges of the block there is a narrow longitudinal rib 6 which is flush with the inner face of the block and has its outer edge flush with the adjacent ends of the end and intermediate ribs. Each end edge of the block is provided with a longitudinal rib 7 constituting a continuation of the rib 6.

As shown in Fig. 9, the other or female block 8 has the same proportions as the male member 1, but instead of the single intermediate rib 2, it is provided with a pair of spaced intermediate ribs 9, each of which is provided in its inner face with a longitudinal inner groove l0 intersecting its longitudinal edges. At each end of the female block, there is a terminal rib 11 which is provided in its inner face with a longitudinal groove 12 intersecting its opposite ends. As in the case of the male block l, the female block is provided with a longitudinal rib 13, while the transverse ribs 11 project slightly beyond the respective ends of the block so as to produce terminal ribs 14 corresponding to the ribs 7.

When the blocks 1 and 8 are assembled in a whirl they are in two parallel sections, with the male members in one section and the female members in the other section, the two sections being arranged to break joints vertically. By this assemblage, the terminal ribs 11 of adjacent female members abut and provide a vertical space between the ends of the blocks for the reception of mortar. The intermediate rib 2 of each member fits in the space between the end ribs l1 of adjacent female blocks, whereby the blocks are interlocked against endwise separation and the intermediate rib 2 closes the joint between the block members 8. It will here be noted that the grooves in adjusting the terminal ribs 1l register with the grooves 3 of the intervening rib 2 and form keyways for the reception of mortar, whereby the blocks are interlocked against sidewise separation. Furthermore, the grooves 5 in the ribs 4 and the grooves 12 in the ribs 1l register so as to form other keyways for the reception of mortar.

As shown in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, it will be seen that it is designed to have the lowermost tier of one of the sections formed of blocks which are substantially one-half the widths of the other blocks, whereby the joints are arranged to break horizontally. Upon reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings, it will be noted Vthat the longitudinal ribs of each block produces a horizontal mortar-receiving space between each block, and all of the blocks are spaced at uniform intervals, whereby the wall is uniform throughout.

Whenever a partition wall occurs, the adjacent block of the inner section is provided upon its back and substantially midway of its ends with a shouldered, angu-v lar or hook-shaped transversely-disposed rib 15, yas shown in Figs. 7 and l0 and the adjacent female block of the partition wall has one of its end ribs 11 engaged with a hook-shaped rib 15 so as to positively interlock the main outside wall and the partition wall, whereby the two walls are positively intel-locked and separation thereof is effectually prevented.

I From the foregoing description, it will be understood that the Wall sections are not only interlocked, but the ribs space the inner and outer sections so as to orm a series ot independent upright dead air spaces, which are designated 16, whereby frost, dampness, etc. is excluded from passing through the wall in a very simple and eiiicient manner.

In order that a Wall may be formed in three or more sections, I propose to employ what will be called a double block, that is to say with ribs upon opposite sides thereof as shown in Fig. Il ot the drawings. This embodiment of the invention shows the ribs of Fig. 8 on one side and those of Fig. 9 on the other side, but it will o course be understood that I contemplate having both sides alike. While the ribs of Fig. ll are not shown as grooved, I propose to groove them as in Figs. 8 and 9.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed s:-

1. A building block provided upon one of its edges with a longitudinal rib, and upon one face with terminal transverse ribs projecting throughout their lengths at the respective ends of the block, the projecting sides of the ribs forming continuations of the first-mentioned rib,

2. A building block having a longitudinal rib along one edge and flush with one face thereof, ribs upon the end edges of the block and forming continuations of the longitudinal rib, and transverse ribs upon that face of the block with which the'iirst-mentioned rib is flush.

3. A building block provided upon one longitudinal edge with a longitudinal rib flush with one face of the block, and terminal and intermediate ribs upon that face of the block with which the iirstmentioned rib is iiush, the

terminal ribs projecting beyond the respective end edges of the block and forming end ribs Which are continuations of the first-mentioned rib.

4. A Wall made upof blocks arranged in spaced inner and outer sections, certain blocks of one section having spaced intermediate ribs and terminal ribs, and certain blocks of the other' section having intermediate ribs fitting between the spaced ribs of the first-mentioned blocks and also provided with other ribs spaced inwardly from the ends of the blocks and lapping the terminal ribs ot' the first-mentioned blocks.

5. In a masonry structure, the combination of angularly related Walls made up of blocks, a block of one of the Walls having a hooked rib, and the other wall having a block provided with a transverse rib embraced by the hooked rib.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature, in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES H. DENMEAD.

Witnesses J. H. CozzrN, ROBERT E. SMITH. 

